The longest river in Germany is the Rhine. These barrier islands provide a small level of protection from the North Sea.Īs observed on the map above, the country is drained by dozens of rivers. Stretched along the northern coastline, the Frisian Islands, East and North, are separated from the mainland by the Waddenmeer. It is 2,962 m (9,718 ft) tall and marked on the map by a yellow upright triangle. Snow-covered Zugspitze, Germany's highest point, is found here. The Bavarian Alps, the highest mountains in Germany, stretch across its southern border with Austria. Along the country's far-southwestern border with the Rhine River and France stands the thick (story-book famous) Black Forest. The Bohemian Forest covers a lower mountain range along the Czech Republic border. In the far south, the land remains mostly hilly, with heavily forested mountains. The uplands continue eastward, eventually rising into the Ore Mountains on the Czech Republic border. Moving eastward through Germany, the Vogelsberg Mountains, Rhon Plateau (or Mts.), and Thuringian Forest are the dominant features. Major landforms here include the volcanic in origin Harz Mountains and the thickly wooded Rothaargebirge Mountains.įurther south, the rounded hills and mountains of the Eifel and Huynsruck uplands front the Rhine River Valley. The land then rises into the forested uplands of central Germany. In the northeast, and then stretching to the south of Berlin, Germany's land remains sandy and punctuated by dozens of mostly small lakes formed by retreating glaciers during the last Ice Age. Rugen, Germany's largest island, is forested and rather hilly with cliffs and sandy beaches. The Baltic Sea is hillier with some jagged cliffs. The North Sea coastline is a low, marshy wetland with dikes, mudflats and scattered islands. The North European Plain extends across the country's northern reaches this flat, lowland terrain is dissected by numerous bogs, rivers and streams, and is mostly used as farmland. As observed on Germany's physical map, the country's topography varies significantly from north to south. By size, Germany is the seventh-largest European country.
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